$

Data: -c
Addr: -
Float: -

Return ASCII:NUL (0).

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

'

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return an empty string.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

(

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Provide a visual indication of a code group.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

)

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Provide a visual indication of a code group.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

*

Data: nn-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Multiply `n1` by `n2` and return the result.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#2 #6 * #-1 #100 *

+

Data: nn-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Add `n1` to `n2` and return the result.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 #2 +

,

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Store the specified value into the memory at `here` and increment `Heap` by 1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

$a , $b , $c , #0 ,

-

Data: nn-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Subtract `n2` from `n1` and return the result.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#2 #1 -

---reveal---

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Switch to the exposed (public) portion of a lexical namespace.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

-eq?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare two values for inequality. Returns `TRUE` if they are not equal or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 #2 -eq? $a $b -eq?

-if

Data: fq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quotation if the flag is `FALSE`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

-if;

Data: fq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quotation if the flag is `FALSE`. If false, also exit the word.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

/

Data: nm-q
Addr: -
Float: -

Divide `n` by `m` and return the integer part of the quotient.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

//

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Ignore any tokens remaining on the current line. Works with files and the interactive "listener".

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

/mod

Data: nm-rq
Addr: -
Float: -

Divide `n` by `m` and return the integer part of the quotient and remainder.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

0;

Data: n-n || n-
Addr: -
Float: -

If `n` is zero, drop `n` and exit the current word. If non-zero, leave `n` alone and allow execution to continue.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

;

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

End the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

?dup

Data: n-nn || n-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Duplicate top value on stack if not zero. If zero, do nothing.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 ?dup #0 ?dup

ASCII:ACK

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:BEL

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:BS

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:CAN

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:CR

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DC1

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DC2

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DC3

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DC4

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DEL

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:DLE

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:EM

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:ENQ

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:EOT

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:ESC

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:ETB

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:ETX

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:FF

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:FS

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:GS

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:HT

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:LF

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:NAK

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:NUL

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:RS

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SI

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SO

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SOH

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SPACE

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:STX

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SUB

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:SYN

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:US

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

ASCII:VT

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Refers to specific ASCII code.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	ASCII
Interface Layer:	all

Compiler

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. Holds the compiler state. If TRUE, the compiler is active. If FALSE, it is not.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Dictionary

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. Holds a pointer to the most recent dictionary header.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

EOM

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns the last addressable memory address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

FALSE

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Returns `0`, the value used to indicate a FALSE result.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

FREE

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Returns the number of cells available to your application. This is the amount of memory, less the already consumed portion and buffers mapped for RETRO's internal use.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Heap

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. Holds the address of the next available cell.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

I

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Access the loop index for the current loop. (For loops made using `indexed-times`)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

J

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Access the parent loop index for the current loop. (For loops made using `indexed-times`)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

K

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Access the grandparent loop index for the current loop. (For loops made using `indexed-times`)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

NoEcho

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. If TRUE, allow display of the "ok" prompt and startup banner.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

RewriteUnderscores

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. When set to `TRUE`, RETRO will replace underscores in strings with spaces. When `FALSE`, RETRO does not.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

STRINGS

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the address of the start of the temporary string pool. This can be altered by changing the values of `TempStrings` and `TempStringMax`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

ScopeList

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. This holds some information used by `{{` and `}}`.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

TIB

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns a pointer to the text input buffer.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

TRUE

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Returns `-1`, the value used to indicate a TRUE result.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

TempStringMax

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. Holds the maximum length of a temporary string.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

TempStrings

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. Holds the number of temporary strings.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Version

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Variable. This stores the version number.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

[

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Begin a quotation.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

]

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

End a quotation.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

a:-eq?

Data: aa-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare all values in the array. Return `FALSE` if all values are equal or `TRUE` otherwise. This assumes the array contains only numeric values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:append

Data: aa-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new array consisting of the values in a1 followed by the values in a2.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:begins-with?

Data: aa-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if a1 begins with a2 or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:chop

Data: a-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new array containing all but the last value in the source array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:contains-string?

Data: sa-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the string value is in the array or`FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:contains?

Data: na-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the value is in the array or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:copy

Data: aa-
Addr: -
Float: -

Copy an array (a1) to a destination (a2).

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:counted-results

Data: q-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Run a quote and construct a new array from the returned values. The quote should return the values and the number of values to put into the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:dup

Data: a-b
Addr: -
Float: -

Make a copy of an array. Return the address of the copy.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:ends-with?

Data: aa-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if a1 ends with a2 or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:eq?

Data: aa-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare all values in the array. Return `TRUE` if all values are equal or `FALSE` otherwise. This assumes the array contains only numeric values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:fetch

Data: an-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch the value stored at the specified index in the specified array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

{ #0 #1 #3 } #2 a:fetch

a:filter

Data: aq-b
Addr: -
Float: -

For each item in the initial array, run the specified quote. If the quote returns `TRUE`, copy the item into a new array. If `FALSE`, discard it. Returns a pointer to the new array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:for-each

Data: aq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quote once for each item in the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:from-string

Data: s-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a new array with the characters in the source string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:index-of

Data: an-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the location of the first instance of the specified value in the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:index-of-string

Data: as-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the location of the first instance of the specified string in the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:left

Data: an-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new array containing the first `n` values from the source array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:length

Data: a-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the length of a array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:make

Data: q-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute quote. Return a new array containing the values the quote leaves on the stack. This is identical to doing `a:counted-results a:reverse`

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:map

Data: aq-b
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute quote once for each item in the array. Constructs a new array from the value returned by the quote.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:middle

Data: afl-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Extract a new array from the middle of the specified array. This will take the values starting at `f` and extend to the `l` last value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:prepend

Data: aa-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new array consisting of the values in a2 followed by the values in a1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:reduce

Data: pnq-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Takes an array, a starting value, and a quote. This will apply the quote to each item in the array; the quote should consume two values and return one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:reverse

Data: a-b
Addr: -
Float: -

Reverse the order of items in a array. This will return a new array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:right

Data: an-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new array containing the specified number of values from the right side of the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:store

Data: vna-
Addr: -
Float: -

Store a value into the array at the specified index.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#3 { #0 #1 #2 } #1 a:store

a:th

Data: an-b
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the actual address of the `n`th item in the array.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

a:to-string

Data: a-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a new string from the provided array. This string will be stored in the temporal string buffers.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	a
Interface Layer:	all

again

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Close an unconditional loop. Branches back to the prior `repeat`.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

allot

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Allocate the specified number of cells from the `Heap`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'Buffer d:create #100 allot

and

Data: nm-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Perform a bitwise AND operation between the two provided values.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

banner

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a welcome message on startup.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

bi

Data: xqq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute q1 against x, then execute q2 against a copy of x.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#100 [ #10 * ] [ #10 - ] bi

bi*

Data: xyqq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute q1 against x and q2 against y.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 #20 [ #2 * ] [ #10 / ] bi*

bi@

Data: xyq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute q against x, then execute q against y.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 #20 [ #3 * ] bi@

buffer:add

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Append a value to the current buffer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:empty

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Reset the current buffer to an empty state.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:end

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a pointer to the current end of the active buffer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:get

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Remove the last value from the current buffer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:preserve

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Save and restore the current buffer before and after executing the specified quote.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:set

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Assign a new buffer as the current one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:size

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of cells in the buffer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

buffer:start

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the start address of the current buffer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	buffer
Interface Layer:	all

bye

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Exit RETRO.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

c:-consonant?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is a not consonant or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-digit?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is a not numeric digit or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-lowercase?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is not lowercase or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-uppercase?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is not uppercase or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-visible?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is not printable or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-vowel?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is not a vowel or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:-whitespace?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is not whitespace, or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:consonant?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is a consonant or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:digit?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is a numeric digit or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:get

Data: -c
Addr: -
Float: -

Read a single keypress.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

c:letter?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is an ASCII letter or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:lowercase?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is lowercase or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:put

Data: c-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a single character.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

c:to-lower

Data: c-c
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert character to lowercase equivalent.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:to-number

Data: c-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert an ASCII digit character into the corresponding decimal value

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

c:to-string

Data: c-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert character into a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:to-upper

Data: c-c
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert character to uppercase equivalent.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:toggle-case

Data: c-c
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert an ASCII character to the opposite case.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:uppercase?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is uppercase or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:visible?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is printable or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:vowel?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is a vowel or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

c:whitespace?

Data: c-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if character is whitespace, or FALSE otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	c
Interface Layer:	all

call

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Call a function.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

case

Data: nmq- || nmq-n
Addr: -
Float: -

If `n` is equal to `m`, drop both and execute the specified quote before exiting the calling word. If not equal, leave `n` on the stack and let execution continue.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

choose

Data: fqq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute q1 if the flag is true (-1) or q2 if the flag is false (0). Only these flags are valid when using `choose`; passing other values as flags will result in memory corruption.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

class:data

Data: n- || n-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Class handler for data structures.

Interpret Time: Keep the address or value on the stack.

Compile Time: Compile the value or address as a literal into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	class
Interface Layer:	all

class:macro

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Class handler for compiler macros (immediate words)

Interpret Time: Execute the function at the provided address.

Compile Time: Execute the function at the provided address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	class
Interface Layer:	all

class:primitive

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Class handler for primitive words (words which map to Nga instructions)

Interpret Time: Execute the function.

Compile Time: Compile the machine code in the definiton into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	class
Interface Layer:	all

class:word

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Class handler for normal words.

Interpret Time: Execute the function at the provided address.

Compile Time: Compile a call to the specified address into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	class
Interface Layer:	all

clear

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Clear the display.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

clock:day

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current day.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:hour

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current hour. This will be in the range of 0-23, inclusive.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:minute

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current minute. This will be in the range of 0-59, inclusive.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:month

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current month. This will be in the range of 1-12, inclusive.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:second

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current second. This will be in the range of 0-59, inclusive.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:timestamp

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a host specific timestamp. In the standard system, this is a 32-bit Unix timestamp, but this is not required.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	rre

clock:utc:day

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current day in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:utc:hour

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current hour in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:utc:minute

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current minute in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:utc:month

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current month in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:utc:second

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current second in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:utc:year

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current year in UTC.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

clock:year

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current year.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	clock
Interface Layer:	iOS, rre

compile:call

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Compile a call to the specified address into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	compile
Interface Layer:	all

compile:jump

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Compile a jump to the specified address into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	compile
Interface Layer:	all

compile:lit

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Compile the code to push a number to the stack into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	compile
Interface Layer:	all

compile:ret

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Compile a return instruction into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	compile
Interface Layer:	all

compiling?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if compiler is on or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

const

Data: ns-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a constant returning the specified value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

copy

Data: sdl-
Addr: -
Float: -

Copy `l` cells from memory at `s` to the memory at `d`. These should not overlap.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

curry

Data: nq-q
Addr: -
Float: -

Bind a value to a function and return a new quote that calls the bound action.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

d

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Inline a numeric value to the current assembly segment.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

d:add-header

Data: saa-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a header. Provide a string (s) for the name, a pointer to the class handler (a1) and a pointer to the word definition (a2) Generally this won't be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:class

Data: d-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a dictionary header, return the class field.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:create

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a new dictionary header named the specified string. The new header will point to `here` and have a class of `class:data`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:for-each

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the specified quote once for each header in the dictionary. Before running the quote, this also pushes a pointer to the header onto the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:last

Data: -d
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the most recent dictionary header.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:last.class

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a pointer to the class field of the most recent dictionary header.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:last.name

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a pointer to the name field of the most recent dictionary header.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:last.xt

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a pointer to the xt field of the most recent dictionary header.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:link

Data: d-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a dictionary header, return the link field.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:lookup

Data: s-d
Addr: -
Float: -

Lookup the specified name in the dictionary and return a pointer to its dictionary header. This returns zero if the word is not found.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:lookup-xt

Data: a-d
Addr: -
Float: -

Lookup the specified address in the dictionary and return a pointer to its dictionary header. This returns zero if the word is not found.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:name

Data: d-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a dictionary header, return the name field.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

d:words

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a list of all named items in the `Dictionary`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	rre

d:words-beginning-with

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a list of all named items in the `Dictionary` that begin with the provided substring.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	rre

d:words-with

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a list of all named items in the `Dictionary` that contain the provided substring.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	rre

d:xt

Data: d-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a dictionary header, return the xt field.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	d
Interface Layer:	all

data

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Change the class of the most recently defined word to `class:data`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

depth

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

dip

Data: nq-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Temporarily remove n from the stack, execute the quotation, and then restore n to the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

does

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Attach an action to the most recently created word. This is used in a manner similar to CREATE/DOES> in traditional Forth.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

drop

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Discard the top value on the stack.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

drop-pair

Data: nn-
Addr: -
Float: -

Remove top two items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

dump-stack

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display the items on the data stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

dup

Data: n-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Duplicate the top item on the stack.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

dup-pair

Data: nm-nmnm
Addr: -
Float: -

Duplicate the top two items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

e:-INF

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Negative infinity. For encoded floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:-inf?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Is encoded value negative infinity?

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:INF

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Infinity. For encoded floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:MAX

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Maximum value. For encoded floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:MIN

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Minimum value. For encoded floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:NAN

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Not a Number. For encoded floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:clip

Data: e-E
Addr: -
Float: -

Constrain the encoded value to the allowable range.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:inf?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Is encoded value infinity?

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:max?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Is encoded value at the maximum?

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:min?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Is encoded value at the minimum?

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:n?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the encoded value is a valid number, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:nan?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Is encoded value a Nan?

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:put

Data: e-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display an encoded number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:to-f

Data: e-
Addr: -
Float: -n

Decode an encoded floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

e:zero?

Data: e-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the value is zero, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	e
Interface Layer:	rre

eq?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare two values for equality. Returns `TRUE` if they are equal or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 #2 eq? $a $b eq?

err:notfound

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Error handler. Called when a word is not found by `interpret`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	err
Interface Layer:	all

f:*

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Multiply two floating point numbers, returning the result.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.3.1415 .22 f:*

f:+

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Add two floating point numbers, returning the result.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.3.1 .22 f:+

f:-

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Subtract F2 from F1 returing the result.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.22.3 .0.12 f:-

f:-INF

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -n

Return a value corresponding to negative infinity

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:-eq?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: FF-

Compare two floating point values for inequality. Returns `TRUE` if they are not equal or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:-inf?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return `TRUE` if floating point value is -INF or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:/

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Divide floating point value F1 by F2.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:E

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -F

Return the floating point value for Euler's number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:E1

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -f

Hook. Return a constant used as the scaling factor for the e: words.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:INF

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -n

Return a value corresponding to positive infinity

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:NAN

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -n

Return a value corresponding to NaN

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:PI

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -F

Return the floating point value for PI.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:abs

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the absolute value for a floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:acos

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the arc cosine of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:adepth

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of items on the alternate floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:asin

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the arc sine of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:atan

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the arc tangent of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:between?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: nlu-

Return TRUE if number is between the lower (l) and upper (u) bounds. If not, return FALSE. This is inclusive of the limits.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.3 .1 .100 f:between? .100 .200 .300 f:between?

f:case

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: nm-n

If `n` is equal to `m`, drop both and execute the specified quote before exiting the calling word. If not equal, leave `n` on the stack and let execution continue.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:ceiling

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the smallest integral value greater than or equal to the specified value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:cos

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the cosine of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:dec

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: n-m

Decrement n by one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.100 f:dec

f:depth

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of items on the floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:drop

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-

Discard the top item on the floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:drop-pair

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-

Remove top two items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:dump-astack

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display the items on the alternate floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:dump-stack

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display the items on the floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:dup

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-FF

Duplicate the top item on the floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:dup-pair

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: nm-nmnm

Duplicate the top two items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:eq?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: FF-

Compare two floating point values for equality. Returns `TRUE` if they are equal or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:fetch

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -n

Fetch a stored floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:floor

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Perform a mathmatical floor operation on the floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:gt?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: FF-

Compare two floating point values for greater than.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:inc

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: n-m

Increment n by one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.100 f:inc

f:inf?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return `TRUE` if floating point value is INF or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:limit

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: nlu-m

Return n if it is within the lower (l) and upper (u) bounds. If outside the bounds, return the closes boundary value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.-10 .5 .8 f:limit .10 .1 .15 f:limit

f:log

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Return log(F1) for base F2 for floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:lt?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: FF-

Compare two floating point values for less than.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:max

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: mn-o

Return the greater of two values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.1 .7 f:max .-8 .-10 f:max

f:min

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: mn-o

Return the lesser of two values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.1 .7 f:min .-8 .-10 f:min

f:nan?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return `TRUE` if floating point value is NaN or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:negate

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Invert the sign of the floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.3.1415 f:negate

f:negative?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return `TRUE` if floating point value is negative or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:nip

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: NM-M

Remove the second item from the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:over

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FG-FGF

Put a copy of the second floating point value over the top one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:pop

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -F

Pop a floating point value from the alternate stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:positive?

Data: -f
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return `TRUE` if floating point value is positive or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:power

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FF-F

Return F1^F2 for floating point values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:push

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-

Push a floating point value to an alternative stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:put

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-

Display a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

f:rot

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: abc-bca

Rotate the top three values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:round

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: f-f

Round a floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:sign

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: F-

Return 1 if the floating point value is positive or -1 if it is negative.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

.3.1415 f:sign

f:signed-sqrt

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the square root of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:signed-square

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: f-f

Return the square of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:sin

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the sine of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:sqrt

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the square root of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:square

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: f-f

Return the square of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:store

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: n-

Store a floating point value to the specified memory location.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:swap

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FG-GF

Exchange the top and second items on the floating point stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:tan

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: F-F

Return the tangent of a floating point number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:to-e

Data: -e
Addr: -
Float: n-

Encode the floating point value to an integer.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:to-number

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: F-

Convert a floating point value into a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:to-string

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: F-

Convert a floating point value into a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

f:tuck

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: FG-GFG

Tuck a copy of the top floating point value under the second one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	f
Interface Layer:	rre

fetch

Data: a-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch the value stored at the specified address.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

&Version fetch

fetch-next

Data: a-an
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch the value stored at the specified address. Returns the next address and the value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

file:A

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant for opening a file in APPEND mode.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:R

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant for opening a file in READ mode.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:R+

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant for opening a file in READ & WRITE mode.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:W

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant for opening a file in WRITE mode.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:close

Data: h-
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, close the file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:delete

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Delete the named file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:exists?

Data: s-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file name, return `TRUE` if it exists or `FALSE` if it does not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:flush

Data: h-
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, flush any pending writes to disk.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:for-each-line

Data: sq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file name, open it and run the quote once for each line in the file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:open

Data: sm-h
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a named file (s) with the given mode (m). Returns a handle identifying the file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

'/etc/motd file:R file:open

file:open-for-append

Data: s-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a file for reading & writing. Returns the size (NOS) and a file ID (TOS)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:open-for-reading

Data: s-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a file for reading. Returns the size (NOS) and a file ID (TOS)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:open-for-writing

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a file for writing. Returns the file ID

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:read

Data: h-c
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, read and return the next character in it.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:read-line

Data: f-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, read a line and return a pointer to it.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:seek

Data: nh-
Addr: -
Float: -

Move the current offset into a file to the specified one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:size

Data: h-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, return the size of the file (in bytes).

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:slurp

Data: as-
Addr: -
Float: -

Given an address and a file name, read the file contents into memory starting at the address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:spew

Data: ss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a string (s1) and a file name (s2), write the string into the file, replacing any existing cotent.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:tell

Data: h-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Given a file handle, return the current offset in the file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

file:write

Data: ch-
Addr: -
Float: -

Write a character to the file represented by the handle.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	file
Interface Layer:	rre

gopher:get

Data: asns-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Takes an address, a server, a port, and a selector. Fetch the resource and store it at address. Return the number of bytes received.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	gopher
Interface Layer:	ios

Example:

here 'forthworks.com #70 '/ gopher:get here s:put

gt?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare n1 and n2. Return `TRUE` if n1 is greater than n2, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

gteq?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare n1 and n2. Return `TRUE` if n1 is greater than or equal to n2, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

here

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the next free address in memory.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

hook

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Add a hook point into the current word. This should only be used as the first word in a definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	global

Example:

:foo hook ;

i

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Assemble the instructions specified by the string into the current assembly scope.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

if

Data: fq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quote if the flag is `TRUE`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

if;

Data: fq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quotation if the flag is `TRUE`. If true, also exit the word.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

image:save

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Save the current system to a new image file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	image
Interface Layer:	rre

immediate

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Change the class of the most recently defined word to `class:macro`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

include

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Run the code in the specified file.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

indexed-times

Data: nq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Run a quote the specified number of times, tracking the loop index in `I`. This is less efficient than `times`, so if the index is not needed, this should be avoided.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

interpret

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Interpret a single input token.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'#100 interpret 'words interpret

io:clock-operation

Data: ...n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a clock operation. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

io:enumerate

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of I/O devices.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	all

io:file-operation

Data: ...n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a file I/O operation. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

io:float-operation

Data: ...n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a floating point operation. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

io:invoke

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Invoke an interaction with an I/O device.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	all

io:query

Data: n-mN
Addr: -
Float: -

Ask an I/O device to identify itself. Returns a version (m) and device ID (N).

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	all

io:rng-operation

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a rng operation. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

io:scan-for

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Scan the I/O devices for a device with a specified ID. Returns the device number, or -1 if not found.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	all

io:socket-operation

Data: ...n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a socket operation. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

io:unix-syscall

Data: ...n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Trigger a Unix system call. This is not intended to be used directly.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	io
Interface Layer:	rre

listen

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Run interactive "listener" (a REPL).

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	rre

lt?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare n1 and n2. Return `TRUE` if n1 is less than n2, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

lteq?

Data: nn-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare n1 and n2. Return `TRUE` if n1 is less than or equal to n2, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

mod

Data: nm-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Divide `n` by `m` and return the remainder.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

n:-zero?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is not zero, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:MAX

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the maximum value that will fit in a cell.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:MIN

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the minimum value that will fit in a cell.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:abs

Data: n-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the absolute value of a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 n:abs #-10 n:abs

n:between?

Data: nlu-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if number is between the lower (l) and upper (u) bounds. If not, return FALSE. This is inclusive of the limits.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#3 #1 #100 n:between? $q $a $b n:between?

n:dec

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Decrement n by one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#100 n:dec

n:even?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is even, or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#12 n:even? #11 n:even?

n:inc

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Increment n by one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#100 n:inc

n:limit

Data: nlu-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Return n if it is within the lower (l) and upper (u) bounds. If outside the bounds, return the closes boundary value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#-10 #5 #8 n:limit #10 #1 #15 n:limit

n:max

Data: mn-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the greater of two values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 #7 n:max #-8 #-10 n:max

n:min

Data: mn-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the lesser of two values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#1 #7 n:min #-8 #-10 n:min

n:negate

Data: n-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Invert the sign of a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

#10 n:negate #-10 n:negate

n:negative?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is negative, or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:odd?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is odd, or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:positive?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is positive, or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:pow

Data: bp-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return base (b) to power (p).

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:put

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

n:random

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a random number

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

n:random n:put

n:sqrt

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the square root of a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:square

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the square of a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:strictly-positive?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return TRUE if number is greater than zero or FALSE if it is zero or less.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:to-float

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -F

Convert a number into a floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	rre

n:to-string

Data: n-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert a number into a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

n:zero?

Data: n-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if number is zero, or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	n
Interface Layer:	all

nip

Data: nm-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Remove the second item from the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

nl

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a newline.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

not

Data: n-m
Addr: -
Float: -

Perform a logical NOT operation.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

or

Data: mn-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Perform a bitwise OR between the provided values.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

over

Data: nm-nmn
Addr: -
Float: -

Put a copy of n over m.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

parse-until

Data: q-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Read input from stdin (via `c:get`) until the returned character is matched by the quote. Returns a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	all
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

:read-until-period (-s) [ $. eq? ] parse-until ;

pb:get

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Copy a string from the pasteboard to the specified address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	pb
Interface Layer:	iOS

pb:length

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the length of the string on the pasteboard.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	pb
Interface Layer:	iOS

Example:

pb:set

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Copy a string to the pasteboard.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	pb
Interface Layer:	iOS

pop

Data: -n
Addr: n-
Float: -

Move a value from the return stack to the data stack.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:!

Data: ns-
Addr: -
Float: -

Store a value into a variable.

Interpret Time: Store a value into the named variable.

Compile Time: Compile the code to store a value into a named variable.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:#

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a number.

Interpret Time: Convert the string into a number and leave on the stack.

Compile Time: Convert the string into a number and compile into the current definition as a literal.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:$

Data: s-c
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as an ASCII character.

Interpret Time: Fetch first character from string. Leave on stack.

Compile Time: Fetch first character from the string. Compile into the current definition as literal.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:&

Data: s-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a pointer to a named item.

Interpret Time: Lookup name in dictionary, return contents of the xt field on the stack.

Compile Time: Lookup name in dictionary, compile code to push the contents of the xt field into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:'

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a string.

Interpret Time: Move string into temporary buffer. If `RewriteUnderscores` is `TRUE`, replace all instances of _ with space.

Compile Time: Move string into temporary buffer. If `RewriteUnderscores` is `TRUE`, replace all instances of _ with space. Then compile the string into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:(

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a comment.

Interpret Time: Discard the string.

Compile Time: Discard the string.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:.

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -F

Interpret time: convert string to a floating point value. Compile time: convert string to a floating point value and compile code to push this value to the float stack.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	rre

prefix::

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a new definition.

Interpret Time: Create a header pointing to `here` with the provided string as the name. Sets class to `class:word`.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:@

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch from a stored variable.

Interpret Time: Fetch a value from a named variable.

Compile Time: Compile the code to fetch a value from a named variable into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:\

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as an instruction bundle.

Interpret Time: Discard the string.

Compile Time: Assemble the opcodes in the string and use `,` to inline it into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:^

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a function reference.

Interpret Time: Discard the string.

Compile Time: Comma the XT of the word into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:`

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Process token as a bytecode.

Interpret Time: Discard the string.

Compile Time: Convert the string to a number and use `,` to inline it into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

prefix:|

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

POSTPONE equivalent.

Interpret Time: Discard the string.

Compile Time: Convert the string to a number and use `,` to inline it into the current definition.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	prefix
Interface Layer:	all

primitive

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Change the class of the most recently defined word to `class:primitive`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

push

Data: n-
Addr: -n
Float: -

Move a value from the data stack to the return stack.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

r

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Lookup a reference by name and inline its pointer to the current assembly segment.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

reclass

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Change the class handler of the most recently defined word to the specified one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

reorder

Data: ...ss-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Restructure the order of items on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

repeat

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Begin an unconditional loop.

Class:	class:macro
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

reset

Data: ...-
Addr: -
Float: -

Remove all items from the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

rot

Data: abc-bca
Addr: -
Float: -

Rotate the top three values.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

s,

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Compile the code needed to push a string pointer to the stack and inline the string data into the current definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

s:ASCII-LETTERS

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns a string of the ASCII letters (upper and lower case)

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:ASCII-LOWERCASE

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns a string of the ASCII letters in lowercase

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:ASCII-UPPERCASE

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns a string of the ASCII letters in uppercase

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:DIGITS

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Return a string of characters recognized as numeric digits.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:PUNCTUATION

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Return a string of characters recognized as punctuation.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:WHITESPACE

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Constant. Returns a string of characters recognized as whitespace.

Class:	class:data
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:append

Data: ss-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new string consisting of s1 followed by s2.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:begins-with?

Data: ss-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if s1 begins with s2 or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:case

Data: sSq- || sSq-s
Addr: -
Float: -

If the `s` matches `S`, discard `s` and run the quote before exiting the caller. If they do not match, discard the quote and leave `s` on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:chop

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Remove the last character from a string. Returns a new string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:const

Data: ss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a constant named s2, returning a pointer to s1. This will use `s:keep` to preserve the original string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:contains-char?

Data: sc-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the character is present in the string or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:contains-string?

Data: ss-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if the second string is present in the first string or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:copy

Data: sa-
Addr: -
Float: -

Copy a string (s) to a destination (a). This will include the terminator character when copying.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:empty

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return an empty string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:ends-with?

Data: ss-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Return `TRUE` if s1 ends with s2 or `FALSE` otherwise.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:eq?

Data: ss-f
Addr: -
Float: -

Compare two strings for equality. Return `TRUE` if identical or `FALSE` if not.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'hello 'again s:eq? 'test 'test s:eq?

s:evaluate

Data: s-?
Addr: -
Float: -?

Evaluate string as if it was typed into the interpreter.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:filter

Data: sq-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quote once for each value in the string. If the quote returns `TRUE`, append the value into a new string. If `FALSE` the value will be discarded.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:for-each

Data: sq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the quote once for each value in the string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:format

Data: ...s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Construct a new string using the template passed and items from the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:get

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Read input from standard in (via `c:get`) until a CR or LF is encountered. Returns a strig.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	all
Interface Layer:	rre

s:get-word

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Read input from standard in (via `c:get`) until a whitespace is encountered. Returns a strig.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	all
Interface Layer:	rre

s:hash

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Calculate a hash value for a string. This uses the djb2 algorithm.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:index-of

Data: sc-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the location of the first instance of the specified character in the string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:index-of-string

Data: ss-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the location of the first instance of the specified substring (s2) in the string (s1). Returns -1 if not found.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:keep

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Store a string into the heap and return a pointer to the start of it.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:left

Data: sn-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new string containing the first `n` characters from the source string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:length

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of characters in a string, excluding the NULL terminator.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:map

Data: sq-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute the specified quote once for each character in the string. Builds a new string from the return value of the quote. The quote should return only one value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:prepend

Data: ss-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new string consisting of s2 followed by s1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:put

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

s:replace

Data: sss-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Replace the first instance of s2 in s1 with s3.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:replace-all

Data: sss-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Replace all instances of s2 in s1 with s3.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:reverse

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Reverse the order of ASCII characters in a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:right

Data: sn-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return a new string containing the specified number of characters from the right side of the string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:skip

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Internal helper function used to skip over a string in a definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:split

Data: sc-ss
Addr: -
Float: -

Split a string on the first occurrance of the specified character.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:split-on-string

Data: ss-ss
Addr: -
Float: -

Split a string on the first occurrance of the specified string. After the split, the top stack item will be the part of the string before the specified subsring, and the second item will be the rest of the original string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'Hello_Brave_World! 'Brave s:split-on-string s:put nl s:put nl

s:substr

Data: sfl-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Extract a substring from the specified string. This will take the characters starting at `f` and extend `l` characters in length.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:temp

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Move a string into the temporary string buffers.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:to-float

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -F

Convert a string representation into a floating point value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	rre

s:to-lower

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert uppercase ASCII characters in a string to lowercase.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:to-number

Data: s-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert a string to a number.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:to-upper

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Convert lowercase ASCII characters in a string to uppercase.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:tokenize

Data: sc-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Takes a string and a character to use as a separator. It splits the string into substrings and returns an array containing pointers to each of them.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:tokenize-on-string

Data: ss-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Takes a string (s1) and a substring (s2) use as a separator. It splits the string into substrings and returns as array containing pointers to each of them.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

s:trim

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Trim leading and trailing whitespace from a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'__hello__ s:trim

s:trim-left

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Trim leading whitespace from a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'__hello__ s:trim-left

s:trim-right

Data: s-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Trim trailing whitespace from a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	s
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'__hello__ s:trim-right

set-hook

Data: aa-
Addr: -
Float: -

Patch the hook point in a2 to point to a1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

:foo hook ; :bar #1 ; &bar &foo set-hook

shift

Data: mn-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Peform a bitwise shift of m by n bits. If n is positive, shift right. If negative, the shift will be to the left.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

sip

Data: nq-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Run quote. After execution completes, put a copy of n back on top of the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

socket:accept

Data: n-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Begin accepting connections. Returns a new socket and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:bind

Data: sn-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Bind a socket to a port. The port should be a string. Returns 0 if successful or -1 otherwise and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:close

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Close a socket.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:configure

Data: ss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Configure internal settings for a host (s1) and port (s2). Use before `socket:bind`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:connect

Data: n-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Connect to a server. Provide a socket, this will return a status flag and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:create

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Obtain a new socket.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:gethostbyname

Data: as-
Addr: -
Float: -

Get the host IP in dotted notation. The host is specified by the string and the address is the start of the buffer for the dotted IP.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:listen

Data: nn-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Prepare a socket for accepting incoming connections. Takes a backlog count (n1) and a socket (n2). Returns a flag (0 success, -1 failed) and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:recv

Data: ann-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Receive data from a socket. This will read into memory starting at address *a*, up to *n1* bytes. *n2* is the socket. Returns the number of bytes read and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

socket:send

Data: sn-nn
Addr: -
Float: -

Send a string to a socket. This will return the number of characters sent and an error code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	socket
Interface Layer:	rre

sp

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a space (`ASCII:SPACE`)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

:spaces (n-) [ sp ] times ; #12 spaces

store

Data: na-
Addr: -
Float: -

Store a value into the specified address.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'Base var #10 &Base store

store-next

Data: na-a
Addr: -
Float: -

Store a value into the specified address and return the next address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

swap

Data: nm-mn
Addr: -
Float: -

Exchange the position of the top two items on the stack

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

sys:abort-include

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Discard remaining tokens on the current line being evaluated. This only works when including a file, not at the interpreter.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:argc

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of arguments passed to the program.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:argv

Data: n-s
Addr: -
Float: -

Given an argument number, return the argument as a string.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:current-file

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the filename of the file being processed by the current `include`, or `/dev/stdin` if the input source is the terminal.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:current-line

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current line number of the file being processed by the current `include`, or `0` if the input source is the terminal.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:ignore-to-eof

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Discard remaining lines in the file currently being evaluated. This only works when including a file, not at the interpreter.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

sys:name

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the filename of the program being run.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	sys
Interface Layer:	rre

tab

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Display a tab (`ASCII:HT`)

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

times

Data: nq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Run the specified quote the specified number of times.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#12 [ $- c:put ] times

tri

Data: xqqq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Apply q1 against x, then q2 against a copy of x, and finally q3 against another copy of x.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

tri*

Data: xyzqqq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Apply q1 against x, q2 against y, and q3 against z.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

tri@

Data: xyzq-?
Addr: -
Float: -

Apply q against x, then against y, and finally against z.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

tuck

Data: nm-mnm
Addr: -
Float: -

Put a copy of the top item on the stack under the second one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

unhook

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Reset the hook point in a1 to the default definition.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

:foo hook #1 ; :bar #2 ; &bar &foo set-hook &foo unhook

unix:chdir

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Change the current working directory to the specified one.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

'/etc unix:chdir

unix:count-files-in-cwd

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the number of files (and subdirectories) in the current working directory

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:exec0

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute a process by running the application specified by s.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:exec1

Data: ss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute a process by running the application specified by s1. Pass s2 as an argument.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:exec2

Data: sss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute a process by running the application specified by s1. Pass s2 and s3 as arguments.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:exec3

Data: ssss-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute a process by running the application specified by s1. Pass s2, s3, and s4 as arguments.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:exit

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Exit the current process, returning the specified return code.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:for-each-file

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Run a quote once for each file or subdirectory in the current directory. The quote will receive the file name as a string and should consume this and return nothing on the stack.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:fork

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Fork the current process. Returns a PID.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:get-cwd

Data: -s
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the current working directory

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:getenv

Data: sa-
Addr: -
Float: -

Get an environment variable. Provide the name and an address to store it in.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

'SHELL s:empty [ unix:getenv ] sip s:put nl

unix:getpid

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Return the PID of the current process.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:kill

Data: nn-
Addr: -
Float: -

Terminates a process. Takes a process and a signal to send.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:pclose

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Close a pipe.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:popen

Data: sn-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a pipe. Takes a command to run, and a file mode (`file:R` or `file:W`; `file:R+` may work on some systems). Returns a file ID usable with words in the `file:` namespace.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:putenv

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Takes a string in the form `name=value` and sets an environment variable named `name` to `value`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

'EDITOR=vi unix:putenv

unix:sleep

Data: n-
Addr: -
Float: -

Sleep for the specified number of seconds.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:slurp-pipe

Data: as-n
Addr: -
Float: -

Open a pipe. Read all output from the pipe (until ASCII:NULL) and store in the specified buffer. Return the number of bytes read.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

unix:system

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Runs another application using the system shell and returns after execution is completed.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

Example:

'ls_-lh_/etc unix:system

unix:wait

Data: -n
Addr: -
Float: -

Waits for a child process to complete. This maps to the wait() system call.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	unix
Interface Layer:	rre

until

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute quote repeatedly while the quote returns a value of `FALSE`. The quote should return a flag of either `TRUE` or `FALSE`, though `until` will treat any non-zero value as `TRUE`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 [ dup n:put nl n:dec dup n:zero? ] until

v:dec

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Decrement the value stored at the specified address by 1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:dec-by

Data: na-
Addr: -
Float: -

Decrement the value stored at the specified address by the specified value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:inc

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Increment the value stored at the specified address by 1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:inc-by

Data: na-
Addr: -
Float: -

Increment the value stored at the specified address by the specified value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:limit

Data: alu-
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch the value stored at the address, then run `n:limit` against it, using the specified lower and upper bounds. Then store the resulting value back to the original address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:off

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Set a variable to 0.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:on

Data: a-
Addr: -
Float: -

Set a variable to -1.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:preserve

Data: aq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Make a copy of the value at the address, then run the quote. Once the quote completes, restore the address to the specified value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

v:update

Data: aq-
Addr: -
Float: -

Fetch a value from the specified address, then run the quotation with this value on the stack. Afterwards, store the returned value at the original address.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	v
Interface Layer:	all

var

Data: s-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a variable. The variable is initialized to 0.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

'Base var

var-n

Data: ns-
Addr: -
Float: -

Create a variable with the specified initial value.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 'Base var-n

while

Data: q-
Addr: -
Float: -

Execute quote repeatedly while the quote returns a `TRUE` value. The quote should return a flag of either `TRUE` or `FALSE`, though `while` will treat any non-zero value as `TRUE`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

Example:

#10 [ dup n:put nl n:dec dup n:-zero? ] while

xor

Data: mn-o
Addr: -
Float: -

Perform a bitwise XOR operation.

Class:	class:primitive
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

{

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Begin an array. This is intended to make creating arrays a bit cleaner than using a quotation and `a:counted-results`.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

{{

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

Begin a lexically scoped area.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

}

Data: -a
Addr: -
Float: -

Complete an array begun by `{`. Returns a pointer to the data.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all

}}

Data: -
Addr: -
Float: -

End a lexically scoped area. This will hide any headers between `{{` and `---reveal---`, leaving only headers between `---reveal---` and the `}}` visible.

Class:	class:word
Namespace:	global
Interface Layer:	all